![]() It also ensures a logical flow to an argument so that the audience will be able to follow along when reading the essay or hearing the speech. Spending time in arrangement will give a student clear direction for what to say when it comes time to say it. Arrangement is just as important as any of the other canons of rhetoric. After all, they can just figure out in what order they will say things when it comes time to say it, right? Wrong. ![]() Many students think they can ignore the arrangement stage. This is an intentional choice made in the arrangement stage to grab the congregation’s attention immediately and to connect with them emotionally. For instance, many pastors begin their sermons with a joke rather than jumping straight into a Scripture lesson. However, arrangement is necessary even when creating something like a poster board for a science fair.Īudience is just as important in arrangement as in invention. As a popular example, arrangement may involve creating a formal outline for a speech, lecture, or essay. In arrangement, a student takes ideas from the invention stage and organizes them in a logical manner. Guiding Question: In what order should I say it?Īction: Arrange ideas in a logical and organized manner. In invention, a student must not only select a topic appropriate for their audience, but also research sources that will appeal to that audience. In each of the Five Canons of Rhetoric, audience matters. The canon of invention may also include planning as a student creates a rough outline, although the bulk of organizing thoughts, ideas, and research comes in the next stage, arrangement. ![]() After selecting a topic, they might conduct research online or in a library to understand what others have said about that topic. ![]() To brainstorm ideas and narrow in on a specific topic, a student might use a technique like mind mapping, freewriting, or having conversations with others to generate ideas. Put simply, invention is the brainstorming, research, and planning stage of rhetoric. This is the stage when a student decides what to say before sitting down to write their speech or essay. The first of the Five Canons of Rhetoric is invention. But for now, let’s talk about the Five Canons of Rhetoric! Invention ( Inventio)Īction: Discover ideas, research, and plan. If it helps, bookmark this page to quickly reference it later. This post serves as a guide for you to reference whenever you or your student have a question about the Five Canons of Rhetoric. These canons, or stages, give students of rhetoric clear direction in crafting their speech, essay, lecture, presentation, or other work of rhetoric so that it appeals to their intended audience and persuades them toward truth, goodness, and beauty. ![]() The skill of rhetoric is best practiced by understanding what are commonly known as the Five Canons of Rhetoric. It’s a skill necessary to practice to become a great communicator, which is why our Classical Conversations ® Challenge programs have students practice these tools consistently in community with others. The skill of rhetoric is just as important today as it was when ancient orators like Cicero, Demosthenes, and Quintilian gave their great speeches. In her book The Conversation, Leigh Bortins defines rhetoric as “the use of knowledge and understanding to perceive wisdom, pursue virtue, and proclaim truth.” In other words, true rhetoric involves the expression of truth, goodness, and beauty through speech or writing. But as classical, Christian educators, rhetoric takes on a whole different meaning. When you hear the word rhetoric, what do you think of? Maybe images come to mind of an emotional TV ad, political propaganda, or a lawyer arguing in court. ![]()
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